{"id":22922,"date":"2022-06-05T04:00:45","date_gmt":"2022-06-04T22:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/?p=22922"},"modified":"2022-08-19T15:34:09","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T10:04:09","slug":"icse-solutions-for-class-8-history-and-civics-a-period-of-transition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/icse-solutions-for-class-8-history-and-civics-a-period-of-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"ICSE Solutions for Class 8 History and Civics – A Period of Transition"},"content":{"rendered":"
ICSE Solutions<\/a>Selina ICSE Solutions<\/a>ML Aggarwal Solutions<\/a><\/p>\n APlusTopper.com provides step by step solutions for ICSE Solutions for Class 8 History and Civics. You can download the\u00a0History and Civics ICSE Solutions for Class 8 with Free PDF download option.\u00a0History and Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions all questions are solved and explained by expert teachers as per ICSE board guidelines.<\/p>\n ICSE Solutions Class 8 History & Civics <\/a>Geography<\/a>Biology<\/a>Chemistry<\/a>Physics<\/a>Maths<\/a><\/p>\n I.Fill in the blanks :<\/strong><\/p>\n II.Match the contents of Column A and Column B: Answer: III.State whether the following statements are true or false: IV.Answer the following questions:<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/span><\/strong> Question 2.<\/span><\/strong> Question 3.<\/span><\/strong> Question 4.<\/span><\/strong> The factors which give rise to imperialism were:<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 5.<\/span><\/strong> V.Tell me why Question 2.<\/span><\/strong> Additional Questions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n EXERCISES B.Match the Following: Answer: C. Choose the correct answer: 2. The primary sources for the study of the Modern Period are preserved in archives\/banks? factories. 3. The wealthy merchants and the professional class consisting of doctors, lawyers, teachers etc., formed the upper class? middle class\/lower class. 4. The invention of the printing press\/telegraph\/telephone helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance thinkers far and wide. 5. Martin Luther was an Italian\/a German\/a French Christian monk. D.State whether the following are true or false:<\/strong><\/p>\n E.Answer the following questions in one or two words\/ sentences:<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/span><\/strong> Question 2.<\/span><\/strong> Question 3. Question 4.<\/span><\/strong> Question 5. Question 6. (b)<\/strong> Secondary Sources include books, reviews, reports and articles written by historians and scholars who study and research primary source material, interpret evidence and arrive at conclusions.<\/p>\n Question 7. Question 8.<\/span><\/strong> F.Answer the following questions briefly:<\/strong><\/p>\n 1.The capture of Constantinople by the Ottoman Ttirks led to the beginnings of Renaissance in Europe. With reference to this statement answer the following questions:<\/strong><\/p>\n (a)<\/strong> How did it lead to the revival of classical Greek and Roman learning in Europe ? (b)\u00a0<\/strong>What effect did it have on the outlook and attitudes of the people of Europe ? (c)\u00a0<\/strong>What effect did it have on trade ? 2.With reference to the causes of the Reformation, how did the following contribute to the movement G Picture study:<\/strong><\/p>\n This is a portrait of the German monk who opposed certain activities of the Catholic Church. ICSE Solutions for Class 8 History and Civics – A Period of Transition ICSE SolutionsSelina ICSE SolutionsML Aggarwal Solutions APlusTopper.com provides step by step solutions for ICSE Solutions for Class 8 History and Civics. You can download the\u00a0History and Civics ICSE Solutions for Class 8 with Free PDF download option.\u00a0History and Civics for Class 8 … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[3034],"tags":[14648,13019,13027,13018,13021,13020,13026,13025,13023,13022,6788,13017,13029,13024,13028],"yoast_head":"\n\n
\n<\/strong><\/li>\n
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\n
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n<\/strong><\/span>Column A\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Column B
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\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\nTrue.<\/strong><\/li>\n
\nFalse.<\/strong><\/li>\n
\nFalse.<\/strong><\/li>\n
\n\u00a0True.<\/strong><\/li>\n
\nTrue.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\nHow did the Renaissance, Reformation and the new geographical discoveries lead to the Modern Age?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Renaissance, Reformation and the new geographical discoveries gradually ushered in the modern age. The Renaissance developed rationalism, humanism, scientific spirit and a spirit of inquiry in people at large. The Reformation led to establishment of Protestant church and Catholic Reformation which rid the churches of many evils and corruption. Religious dogmas and superstitions gave way to a scientific temper and spirit of inquiry among people. The new geographical knowledge led to discovery of new lands which opened new opportunities for trade, travel and further voyages and discoveries.
\nAll these factors gradually ushered in the modern age. These were logically followed by the Industrial Revolution.<\/p>\n
\nGive reasons why did the Industrial Revolution first begin in England?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nDuring the later part of the 18th century, England was in the most favourable position for an industrial revolution.<\/p>\n\n
\nDiscuss the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society, economy and polity.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Industrial Revolution had profound effect on society, economy and polity.<\/p>\n\n
\nThe rise of socialism and communism can be attributed to the reaction against the evils of capitalism
\nWhat is the imperialism? Discuss the factors which give rise to imperialism.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe practice of establishing a country\u2019s rule and dominance over the economic and political life of people of another country is called imperialism.<\/p>\n\n
\nDescribe the general impact of imperialism with special reference to South Asia.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nImperialism led to acquisition of colonies and colonial rivalries. It eventually led to the First World War (1914-1918) and the Second World War (1939-1945). Imperialism led to political and economic subjugation of Asian and African countries. They became sources of raw materials and dumping grounds for finished goods for European industries. On the postitive side, imperialism led to development of modern infrastructure in colonies. Imperialism also led to national unity as people fought against the colonial power to free their country, so evident in India and Vietnam. India, Sri Lanka and Burma became colonies of England. China was divided into several \u2018spheres of influence\u2019 by European powers<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>Question 1.<\/span><\/strong>
\nMost of the countries in South Asia became colonies of Europe.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nCountries in South Asia had huge population, were backward and could not face the colonial powers. They had huge raw materials and vast markets for goods produced in European countries.The glory of nationalism and national pride was yet to take roots in South Asia. People were disunited.<\/p>\n
\nNew inventions and discoveries led to the Industrial Revolution.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nNew inventions and discoveries led to rapid industrialisation and urbanisation. Mass production of goods whetted the appetite for profit of industrialists. Development of modem infrastructure led to establishment of industries. Invention of flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water frame, mule, power loom, cotton gin, blast furnace and overall steam engine led to the Industrial Revolution<\/p>\n
\nFill in the blanks:
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\n<\/strong><\/li>\n
\n<\/strong><\/li>\n
\n
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>
\nI. In India the Modern Period is generally regarded as having begun in the mid-i 5th\/mid-l8th\/mid-i6th century.
\nAns.<\/strong> In India the Modern Period is generally regarded as having begun in the mid-l8th century.<\/p>\n
\nAns.<\/strong> The primary sources for the study of the Modern Period are preserved in archives.<\/p>\n
\nAns.<\/strong> The wealthy merchants and the professional class consisting of doctors, layers. teachers etc.,formed the middle class.<\/p>\n
\nAns.<\/strong> The invention of the printing, press helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance thinkers far and wide.<\/p>\n
\nAns.<\/strong> Martin Luther was a German Christian monk.<\/p>\n\n
\nTrue<\/strong><\/li>\n
\nFalse.<\/strong> Secondary sources of history includes books, reviews, reports and articles.<\/li>\n
\nTrue.<\/strong><\/li>\n
\n\u00a0False.<\/strong><\/li>\n
\nTrue<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\nThe history of most nations can be divided into a number of periods. Name them.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nHistory in most countries is classified into three periods\u2014ancient, medieval and modem. Each period has some characteristics\u2014 political, economic, religious and social \u2014 that sets it apart from other period.<\/p>\n
\nWhat distinguishes one historical period from another ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nHistorical periods differ from country to country depending on the stage of development of that region.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/strong>In what way is the classification of historical periods useful to us ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe classification of historical periods helps to bring a sense of order and continuity to the bewildering array of historical processes that have taken place over centuries of evolution.<\/p>\n
\nWhen did the Modern Period begin in
\n(a) Europe
\n(b) India?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nEurope the Modern Age started in 15th century. In India the Modem Period is generally regarded as having begun in the mid- 18th century.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/strong>Mention any four characteristic features of the Modern Period?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe characteristic features of the Modern Period are: urbanization, technological advancement, democratic institutions, fundamental civil liberties, rationalism and humanism and industrialization.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/strong>Mention any two (a) primary and (b) secondary source materials of the Modern Period.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n(a)<\/strong> Many of these primary sources have been preserved in archives and museums.
\nThey include :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\n<\/span><\/strong>Why is it important to study developments in Europe to understand the history of modern India ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nSince the Modem Age in India began with the advent of the British rule, the roots of the transition from the Medieval Period must be traced to Europe. To understand the impact of British rule on Indian history, it is imperative to understand the changes that were taking place in Europe.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the meaning of Renaissance ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nA great movement of change and discovery spread across Europe which radically altered the pattern of peoples lives and thinking.This movement, representing a new spirit in every field of life, is referred to as the Renaissance. It is a French word that means \u2018rebirth\u2019 or \u2018revival\u2019.<\/p>\n
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nA large number of Greek scholars fled from Constantinople, (a great centre of classical Greek and Roman learning) to Italy with rare manuscripts. These scholars were patronized and encouraged by the rulers, scholars and the rich Italian merchants of Rome, Florence, Milan and Venice. Libraries were set up and universities were established to promote classical and modem learning.<\/p>\n
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Renaissance, or the revival of classical Graeco-Roman learning, inspired and encouraged people to question and challenge long established ideas and institutions that had been imposed on them by the church and their- kings. They refused to blindly accept the dictates of their rulers and the Church. They demanded to know the truth based on logic and reason and rejected everything that did not satisfy the yardstick of reason. This new spirit of rationalism led to the rise of scientific temper and the spirit of inquiry. This scientific temper and the desire to inquire or seek the truth led to new and varied developments in the fields of art, architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, science and technology.<\/p>\n
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Renaissance fostered a spirit of exploration and discovery which led to a steady growth of trade and commerce. A new- class of rich merchants emerged in society. These merchants accumulated enormous wealth and helped their rulers to build prosperous, strong and stable states. The king\u2019s dependence on feudal lands gradually declined.<\/p>\n
\n(a) Renaissance
\n(b) Evil practices of the Roman catholic Church
\n(c) Rise of strong and powerful rulers
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n(a)<\/strong>
\nThe Renaissance had radically altered the pattern of thinking and outlook of the people. It had set in motion the advent of new and powerful ideas of humanism, rationalism, scientific spirit and the spirit of Inquiry. These revolutionary ideas unleashed unstoppable forces that completely charged the way people thought and behaved. It was like the awakening of a sleeping giant.People had finally found truthful and rational answers to their questions and discovered the real truth about themselves and their environment. Everything based on blind faith was questioned. The teachings of the Church were rejected and its authority challenged.Even, the invention of the printing press helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance thinkers quickly and far and wide,
\n(b)<\/strong>
\nWith the passage of time the clergy, with some exceptions, began to lead immoral lives of luxury, wealth and comfort. The monasteries owned nearly one-third of the landed property in Europe. Religious duties and services to mankind were largely ignored or forgotten.The Roman Church levied various taxes such as \u2018tithe\u2019 and \u2018Peter\u2019s Pence\u2019 on all European Christians under their control. High fees were charged for conducting religious services.Bribery and corruption became common. Church offices were sold, bringing many unworthy people into the Church.The Church also started the practice of selling \u2018Indulgences\u2019 to those who had committed sins. It was like a certificate of pardon by God for their sins and a \u2018passport to heaven\u2019 without having to undergo any penance.
\n(c)<\/strong>
\nWith the decline of feudalism in Europe strong rulers emerged. They defied the authority of the Pope and refused to let him interfere in their administrative affairs. They resented the papal taxes and the drain of their wealth to Rome in the form of papal taxes.<\/p>\n
\n<\/p>\n\n
\nAns.<\/strong> Martin Luther.<\/li>\n
\nAns.<\/strong> Reformation movement.<\/li>\n
\nAns.<\/strong> Martin Luther was a German Christian monk and preacher at the University town of Wittenburg.<\/li>\n
\nAns. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\nCivil wars broke out in many countries between the Catholics and the Protestants.<\/li>\n