{"id":13994,"date":"2020-11-30T10:08:55","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T04:38:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/?p=13994"},"modified":"2020-11-30T11:57:51","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T06:27:51","slug":"mean-transition-metals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/mean-transition-metals\/","title":{"rendered":"What do you mean by transition metals?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>What do you mean by transition metals?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Transition Elements<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>The position in the Periodic Table:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Figure shows the positions of transition elements in the Periodic Table.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109952\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-1.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 1\" width=\"641\" height=\"291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-1.png 641w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-1-300x136.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Transition elements are elements from <strong>Group 3 to Group 12<\/strong> of the Periodic Table.<\/li>\n<li>There are <strong>10 elements<\/strong> in <strong>each serie<\/strong> arranged horizontally.<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>first series<\/strong> of transition elements is located in Period 4. It consists of the following elements.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109955\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-2.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 2\" width=\"591\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-2.png 591w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-2-300x27.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>Properties of transition elements<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Table shows some properties of the first series of transition elements located in Period 4 of the Periodic Table.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109961\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-3.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 3\" width=\"755\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-3.png 755w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-3-300x79.png 300w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-3-750x200.png 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Electronegativity<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Generally, transition elements have <strong>low electronegativity<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>However, the electronegativity <strong>increases slowly<\/strong> when going across the series from scandium to copper.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Physical properties<\/strong><br \/>\nPhysical properties of the transition elements <strong>do not change<\/strong> much when going across the period.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Atomic radius (atomic size)<\/strong><br \/>\nThe atomic radii (atomic sizes) of the transition elements in the first series are <strong>almost the same<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Properties as metals<\/strong><br \/>\n(i) All transition elements are metals.<br \/>\n(ii) Hence, all transition elements exhibit the following <strong>physical properties<\/strong> of <strong>metals<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They are <strong>solids<\/strong> with <strong>shiny surfaces<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They are <strong>ductile<\/strong> and <strong>malleable<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They have <strong>high tensile<\/strong> <strong>strengths<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They have <strong>high melting<\/strong> and <strong>boiling points<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They have <strong>high densities.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>They are <strong>good conductors<\/strong>\u00a0of <strong>heat<\/strong> and <strong>electricity<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tensile strength<\/strong> is the ability of metals to maintain their shape without breaking when a force is applied to it.<br \/>\n<strong>Ductile<\/strong> is the ability of metals to be stretched into wires without cracking or breaking them.<br \/>\n<strong>Malleable<\/strong> is the ability of metals to be bent into a new shape.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>People also ask<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/history-periodic-table-elements\/\">What is the periodic table of the elements?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/physical-chemical-properties-group-1-elements\/\">Physical and Chemical Properties of Group 1 Elements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/physical-chemical-properties-group-18-elements\/\">Physical and Chemical Properties of Group 18 Elements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/physical-chemical-properties-group-17-elements\/\">Physical and Chemical Properties of Group 17 Elements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/need-classification-elements\/\">What is the Need for Classification of Elements?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/modern-periodic-table-significance\/\">Modern Periodic Table and Its Significance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/mendeleev-arrange-the-periodic-table\/\">How did Mendeleev Arrange the Periodic Table?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/periodic-trends-properties-elements\/\">Periodic Trends in Properties of Elements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/valency-and-atomic-radius\/\">What is Valency and Atomic Radius?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/metallic-and-nonmetallic-properties\/\">What are Metallic and Nonmetallic Properties?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Uses of transition elements<\/strong><br \/>\nTransition elements are widely used in various fields. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Iron is widely used in steel for the construction of bridges and buildings, and in the making of cutlery, engineering equipments and vehicles.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Copper<\/strong> is used as electric wires or cables because it is <strong>malleable<\/strong> and <strong>ductile<\/strong> and is a very good conductor of electricity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although <strong>zinc<\/strong> is located in the first series of the transition elements, it <strong>does not exhibit<\/strong> the characteristics of transition elements. Hence, zinc is not a transition element.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Special characteristics of transition elements<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Transition elements are metals that exhibit <strong>four special characteristics<\/strong> which are not possessed by other metals. These four characteristics are:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>1. Form coloured ions or compounds<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Compounds of transition elements are <strong>coloured<\/strong> in the solid state or aqueous solution.<\/p>\n<p>Table shows the colours of some compounds of transition elements in the solid state.<\/p>\n<table border=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"204\"><strong>Compound of transition element<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"83\"><strong>Colour\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"204\">Cobalt chloride crystal<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"83\">Pink<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"204\">Copper(II) sulphate crystal<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"83\">Blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"204\">Iron(II) sulphate crystal<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"83\">Pale green<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"204\">Iron(III) sulphate crystal<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"83\">Brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The <strong>aqueous solutions<\/strong> of these compounds are also <strong>coloured<\/strong> because of the existence of ions of transition elements.<\/p>\n<p>Table shows the <strong>colours<\/strong> of <strong>some ions<\/strong> ions of <strong>transition elements<\/strong> in aqueous solutions.<\/p>\n<table border=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\"><strong>Ions of transition\u00a0element<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\"><strong>Formula of the ion\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\"><strong>Colour of ion in aqueous solution<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Copper(II) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Iron(II) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Fe<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Pale green<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Iron(III) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Fe<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Yellow \/ yellowish- brown \/ brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Cobalt(II) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Co<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Pink<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Nickel(II) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Ni<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Green<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Chromium(III) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Cr<sup>3+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Green<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Manganese(II) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Mn<sup>2+<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Light pink<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Manganate(VII) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">MnO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Purple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Chromate(VI) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">CrO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Yellow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"108\">Dichromate(VI) ion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"70\">Cr<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup>(aq)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"113\">Orange<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Reactions of aqueous solutions of transition element compounds with sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Aqueous solutions of transition element compounds are coloured.<\/li>\n<li>These aqueous solutions can react with sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution to form <strong>coloured precipitates of metal hydroxides.<\/strong> These precipitates may be <strong>soluble\/insoluble<\/strong> in excess sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution.<\/li>\n<li>The precipitates of the metal hydroxides formed are coloured because these are <strong>compounds of transition elements.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Table shows some examples of these reactions.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109962\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-4.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 4\" width=\"756\" height=\"496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-4.png 756w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-4-300x197.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 756px) 100vw, 756px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Uses of coloured transition element compounds<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In our daily life, compounds of transition elements are added to paints and glass to make them coloured.<br \/>\nFor example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Green glass is made by adding a mixture of chromium(III) oxide and copper(II) oxide to the glass.<\/li>\n<li>Yellow paint is made by adding barium chromate(VI) to the paint.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Existence of naturally occurring substances containing transition element compounds<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Precious stones (gemstones) are naturally occurring substances that exist in different colours.<\/li>\n<li>Precious stones are coloured naturally because of the existence of the compounds of transition elements in them.<\/li>\n<li>Precious stones are usually used as <strong>ornaments<\/strong> and <strong>decorative pieces<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Table shows the colours and the types of compounds of transition elements that exist in a few precious stones<br \/>\n<table border=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"54\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Precious\u00a0<\/strong><strong>stone<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"73\"><strong>Colour<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"160\"><strong>Transition elements that exist in the form of compounds<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">Emerald<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"73\">Green<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"160\">Nickel, iron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">Ruby<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"73\">Red<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"160\">Chromium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">Sapphire<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"73\">Blue<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"160\">Iron, titanium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">Amethyst<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"73\">Purple<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"160\">Iron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">Agate<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"73\">Brownish-red<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"160\">Manganese, iron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>2. Exhibit different oxidation numbers in compounds<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Transition elements exhibit different oxidation numbers in their compounds.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oxidation number<\/strong> measures the charge carried by an element in its compounds. It has a positive or negative sign.<\/li>\n<li>Table shows the oxidation numbers of some transition elements in their compounds.<br \/>\n<table border=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"114\"><strong>Transition element<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"174\"><strong>Oxidation number in compounds<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"114\">Iron<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"174\">+2, +3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"114\">Nickel<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"174\">+2, +3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"114\">Copper<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"174\">+1, +2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"114\">Manganese<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"174\">+2, +3, +4, +6, +7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"114\">Chromium<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"174\">+2, +3, +6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Naming of compounds<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In the naming of compounds of transition elements with more than one oxidation number, <strong>Roman numerals<\/strong> that represent the oxidation numbers of that transition element must be inserted in the names of those compounds according to the<strong> IUPAC system.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>For example:<br \/>\nFeCl<sub>2<\/sub> is named as iron(II) chloride because the oxidation number of iron is +2. FeCl<sub>3<\/sub> is named as iron(III) chloride because the oxidation number of iron is +3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>3. Form complex ions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Transition elements can form complex ions.<\/li>\n<li>A <strong>complex ion<\/strong> is a bigger-sized polyatomic ion formed when a <strong>fixed number of small molecules or ions <\/strong>(known as <strong>ligands<\/strong>) are bonded to a central transition metal ion.<\/li>\n<li>An example of a complex ion formed by a transition element is <strong>tetraamminecopper(II) ion,<\/strong>\u00a0[Cu(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>4<\/sub>]<sup>2+<\/sup>. This complex ion consists of four ammonia molecules, NH<sub>3<\/sub> (ligands) bonded to the central copper(II) ion, Cu<sup>2+<\/sup>.<br \/>\nCu<sup>2+<\/sup> + 4NH<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0\u2192 [Cu(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>4<\/sub>]<sup>2+<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Other examples of complex ions are:\n<ul>\n<li>Hexacyanoferrate(II) ion, [Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub>]<sup>2-<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Hexacyanoferrate(III) ion, [Fe(CN)<sub>6<\/sub>]<sup>3-<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Hexaaquocobalt(II) ion, [Co(H,0)<sub>6<\/sub>]<sup>2+<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Hexaamminechromium(III) ion, [Cr(NH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>6<\/sub>]<sup>3+<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>4. Act as catalysts<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>How do transition elements act as catalysts?<\/h2>\n<p>Transition elements or their compounds can act as <strong>catalysts<\/strong> in certain reactions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Catalysed chemical reactions<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Catalysts are used in chemical reactions to increase the rate of reaction.<\/li>\n<li>The following are a few laboratory reactions that use catalysts.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nickel<\/strong> acts as a catalyst in the <strong>hydrogenation of alkene<\/strong> to form the corresponding alkane.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109975\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-5.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 5\" width=\"303\" height=\"52\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-5.png 303w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-5-300x51.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Copper(II) sulphate<\/strong> acts as a catalyst in the reaction of <strong>zinc with dilute sulphuric acid<\/strong> to liberate hydrogen gas.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109977\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-6.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 6\" width=\"401\" height=\"42\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-6.png 401w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-6-300x31.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><strong>Manganese(IV) oxide <\/strong>is used as a catalyst in the <strong>decomposition of hydrogen peroxide<\/strong> to liberate oxygen gas.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109978\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-7.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 7\" width=\"346\" height=\"43\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-7.png 346w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-7-300x37.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Catalysed industrial processes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Catalysts<\/strong> are used in industrial processes to <strong>speed up<\/strong> reactions.<\/li>\n<li>A few industrial processes that use transition elements or their compounds as catalysts are:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Haber process:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Iron<\/strong> is used as a catalyst in the Haber process to <strong>manufacture ammonia<\/strong> from the reaction of nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas at 450\u00b0C to 550\u00b0C and a pressure of 200 to 300 atmosphere.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109979\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-8.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 8\" width=\"316\" height=\"44\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-8.png 316w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-8-300x42.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Contact process:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Vanadium (V) oxide<\/strong> is used as a catalyst in the Contact process to <strong>manufacture sulphuric acid.<\/strong> Vanadium(V) oxide catalyses the reaction between sulphur dioxide and oxygen (air) to produce sulphur trioxide at about 500\u00b0C and a pressure of one atmosphere.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109980\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-9.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 9\" width=\"298\" height=\"46\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ostwald process:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Platinum<\/strong> is used as a catalyst in the Ostwald process to <strong>manufacture nitric acid.<\/strong> Platinum catalyses the reaction between ammonia and oxygen (air) to produce nitrogen monoxide and water at about 850\u00b0C and a pressure of 2 to 5 atmospheres.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109981\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-10.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 10\" width=\"287\" height=\"39\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hydrogenation of vegetable oil:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Nickel<\/strong> is used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of vegetable oil to <strong>manufacture margarine.<\/strong> Nickel catalyses the reaction between vegetable oil and hydrogen gas at 200\u00b0C.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-109982\" src=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-11.png\" alt=\"What do you mean by transition metals 11\" width=\"376\" height=\"58\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-11.png 376w, https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/What-do-you-mean-by-transition-metals-11-300x46.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 376px) 100vw, 376px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What do you mean by transition metals? Transition Elements The position in the Periodic Table: Figure shows the positions of transition elements in the Periodic Table. Transition elements are elements from Group 3 to Group 12 of the Periodic Table. There are 10 elements in each serie arranged horizontally. The first series of transition elements &#8230; <a title=\"What do you mean by transition metals?\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/mean-transition-metals\/\" aria-label=\"More on What do you mean by transition metals?\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[5299,5301,262,5296,5295,5294,5298,5297,5300,5293,5302],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.8 (Yoast SEO v18.4.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What do you mean by transition metals? - CBSE Library<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cbselibrary.com\/mean-transition-metals\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What do you mean by transition metals?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What do you mean by transition metals? Transition Elements The position in the Periodic Table: Figure shows the positions of transition elements in the Periodic Table. Transition elements are elements from Group 3 to Group 12 of the Periodic Table. There are 10 elements in each serie arranged horizontally. The first series of transition elements ... 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