A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours

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A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours.

These Solutions are part of A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions  Here we have given. A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours.

EXERCISES

A. Answer the following questions in 30-40 words each :

Question 1.
What is the policy of India towards her neighbours ?
Answer:
India is a peace loving country and always wants good relations with her neighbours through cooperation mutual trust and understanding. She wants South Asian region free from the dominance of big powers. So, the South Asian Association for Regional cooperation i.e. SAARC has been established.

Question 2.
What do you mean by cross-border terrorism ?
Answer:
Whenever any country crosses the international border
line with unfair intentions of the attack and taking the area in its boundary with militancy, it is called cross-border terrorism. India has been the victim of it by Pakistan and Sri Lanka, Pakistan has created several times disturbance and killing of Indian soldiers across the border (L.O.C.).In the same way Tamil aggression known as ‘LITTE’, resulted in killing and disturbance, even the assassination of Late P.M. Rajeev Gandhi.

Question 3.
Write briefly about the Twelfth SAARC Summit held at Islamabad in January 2004.
Answer:
After this Summit there was some change in the attitude of Pakistan. It laid emphasis on some issues as to fight terrorism and freeze financial support to them and to increase mutual trade according to the true spirit of South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA). It was also promised to create on equitable partnership for peace, development and prosperity.

Question 4.
Write briefly about SAF Games.
Answer:
SAF i.e. South Asian Federation Games, decided to promote mutual friendship through games between SAARC countries e.g. Bangla Desh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Maldives. This programme was supposed to maintain better relations and friendly attitude amongst the SAARC countries.

Question 5.
In which two South East Asian countries the monuments of Ancient Indian culture are found ?
Answer:
In ancient times India’s trade ships used to sail towards S.E. Asia, where there are many cultural imprints in these countries, e.g., The greatest cultural link with Combodia is the existence of the great Vishnu Temple of Angkor Vat, which was built in 12 century A.D. It displays beautiful sculptures based on Ramayana and Mahabharat. In the words of Dr. Majumdar “Angkor-Vat in every sense, is a wonder of the world”. In the same way, these are many examples of Indian culture in Java, Sumatra, Bali, Borneo, etc. e.g. The Stupa Baraburdur in Java still reminds us of great cultural relations with Indonesia.

B. Answer the following questions in 60-80 words each :

Question 1.
What do you know about India’s relations with Pakistan since independence ? What are the issues of dispute between the two countries ?
Answer:
After the independence the relations of India with Pakistan remained aggressive due to the Kashmir issue. In the wars of 1947, 1965 and 1971, resulted in heavy loss of life and property, killing many valuable personalities. Only the question of river water was settled amicably with the help of World Bank through the Indus Water Treaty in 1960. But, the Kashmir issue has still created a big havoc in Kargil War and recently killing our soldiers along the Kashmir border and the ill treatment to Indian prisoners.

Question 2.
Throw light on India’s relations with Sri Lanka ? Why did India send a Peace Keeping Force to Sri Lank ?
Answer:
India’s relations with Sri Lanka had been friendly since a long time. Buddhism adopted by King Ashoka was also extended to Sri Lanka. Both countries have good trade relations. The problem of the Indian settlers in Sri Lanka was solved with mutual negotiations India has sent Peace Keeping Force to Sri Lanka. In 1987 India assured Sri Lanka for resolving internal ethnic problem. But during [ LITTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam), created unfair events (1983-2009), assassination of Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa (1993) and Indian P.M. Rajiv Gandhi (1991) for opposing them and 1000 Tamils as traitors.

Question 3.
Discuss India’s relations with Myanmar and Bhutan.
Answer:
India has provided effective assistance to Myanmar when ever requested. India’s trade with Myanmar is progressive,Sh. Rajiv Gandhi visited this country for good relations.Both countries try to stop smuggling etc. along the common border. In May 2001 a treaty was signed between them to enhance bilateral cooperation and transport system between the two countries. India has developed good relations with
Bhutan. India supported Bhutan’s membership in the U.N.O. in 1970. During the Seventh Plan (1985-90), India gave assistance to Bhutan of 400 crore. Bhutan took military action against ULFA and Bodo Extremists. This also improved mutual relations.

Question 4.
Briefly narrate the achievements of SAARC.
Answer:
Although SAARC has not been very successful as expected; but its achievements cannot be  underestimated.
Main achievements are as follows :

  1. Common Forum for Mutual Understanding.
  2. Establishment of Food Security Reserve.
  3.  Audio-visual Exchange Programme.
  4. Promotion of Travel and Tourism.
  5. Economic Cooperation.
  6.  Eradication of Poverty.
  7.  Suppression of Terrorism.
  8. Eradication of Drug abuse.
  9. Promotion of Games
    However, S.E. Asian countries have faith on SAARC and its efforts for the better cooperation and economy of  these countries.

Question 5.
Write India’s relations either with Cambodia or with Indonesia.
Answer:
India had got very ancient trade relations with Indonesia with many island groups. There are many Hindu temples found in this country which proves the cultural impact of India on this country. The Stupa Barabudur in Java displays cultural relations of Java with India. India’s trade with this country valued $1.3 billion in 2000-01. Being a neighbour country Indonesia has got the privilege of favourable trade links with India and India is also an active participant in the commercial links with this country.

C. Fill in the blanks :

  1. SAARC was established in 1985.
  2. India sent Peace Keeping Force to Sri Lanka.
  3. India is helping Nepal to maintain peace and order against violence of Maoist groups.
  4. Bhutan took military action against the ULFA and Bodo extremists in 2003.
  5. The Eighteenth SAARC Summit was held at Kathmandu in Nepal in 2014.

D. Match the two columns :
A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours 1

A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours 2

Answer:
A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours 3

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

A. Fill in the blanks.

  1. In a nuclear age the alternative to peaceful coexistence is mutual destruction.
  2. India tries to maintain friendly relations with her neighbours by following the principles of Panchsheel
  3. SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
  4. SAVE stands for SAARC-Audio Visual exchange and it was launched 4o make the people , aware of each other’s culture.
  5. The SAF Games are hosted annually.

B. Match the following.
A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours 4
Answer:
A New Combined History & Civics for Class 8 ICSE Solutions India and Her Neighbours 5

C. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Mention the basic principles of India’s foreign policy after independence.
Answer:

  1. Promotion of world peace.
  2.  Freedom of all nations and abolition of imperialism and colonialism
  3. Racial equality
  4. Non-alignment and peaceful coexistence

Question 2.
Name India’s neighbours.
Answer:
Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar.

Question 3.
Name the member states of SAARC?
Answer:

  1.  India
  2. Pakistan
  3. Bhutan
  4. Bangladesh
  5. Srilanka
  6. Maldives and
  7.  Nepal.

Question 4.
Why did India become a member of SAARC?
Answer:
To strengthen ties with her neighbours and to make the relationships more stable and meaningful, India joined hands with them to form an association for regional cooperation.

Question 5.
State the aims and achievements of SAARC.
Answer:
Aims of SAARC :

  1. To promote the welfare of the people of South Asia and improve their quality of life.
  2. To increase the pace of economic growth.
  3. To promote social progress and cultural development. The achievements of SAARC in the initial stage were mainly in areas of sports, culture and transport. The emphasis has now shifted to economic issues. To promote friendship and goodwill among the member countries ‘f’ through sports, the SAF Games are hosted annually by the member countries. In order to promote cultural ties, the SAARC Audio-Visual Exchange (SAVE) programme was launched in November 1987 to make people aware of each other’s culture and also to make them conscious of the problems and needs of the region. The south Asian preferential Trade Agreement (SAPTA) was signed in April 1993 to facilitate and promote regional economic cooperation among member states. The Agreement on South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was signed in January 2004 to create a free trade area within the South Asian region.

D. State whether the following are true or false.

  1. India follows a policy of peaceful co-existence, friendship and cooperation.
    True.
  2. SAARC was established in 1975.
    False
    Reason SAARC was established in 1985.
  3. The headquarters of the SAARC is located in Dhaka.
    True.
  4. The SAF Games are held annually to promote friendship and goodwill among member states.
    True.
  5. SAARC has tried to solve problems peacefully through bilateral negotiations.
    True.

 

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